The question of the meaning of life is complex and has been explored from various philosophical, scientific, theological, and psychological perspectives. Here are some key points that summarize the diverse views on this topic:

Philosophical and Pluralistic Views

Philosophers argue that the meaning of life is not a single, definitive answer but rather a pluralistic concept involving multiple elements. Thaddeus Metz, for example, suggests that meaning in life encompasses a cluster of ideas, including pursuing ends worth having for their own sake, transcending one's animal nature, and identifying what in life merits great esteem and admiration. This includes activities and experiences such as loving relationships, creativity, beauty, personal excellence, moral goodness, altruism, knowledge, and achievement4.

Subjective and Objective Meaning

Meaning in life can be both subjective and objective. Subjectively, it involves personal feelings and judgments about one's life, such as the sense of purpose, understanding, responsibility, and enjoyment (PURE) proposed by Paul Wong2. Objectively, it may involve criteria that are independent of personal feelings, such as contributing to the greater good or achieving worthwhile goals24.

Three Facets of Meaning

Research in psychology identifies three interrelated facets of meaning in life:

• Significance: The belief that one's life and contributions matter to others and oneself.
• Coherence: The feeling that one's life makes sense.
• Purpose: The orientation toward fulfilling goals3.

Creating and Cultivating Meaning

Meaning is not something that exists independently; it must be created and cultivated. It involves attaching significance to experiences and events, which motivates us to act. This meaning can be derived from solving problems, pursuing goals, and finding value in relationships, work, and other aspects of life5.

Humanistic and Existential Perspectives

From a humanistic perspective, meaning is found within individual lives rather than in some external, cosmic truth. It is about what gives worth or significance to one's own life. Existential perspectives emphasize personal responsibility for creating one's own meaning and purpose in life4.

Scientific and Empirical Contributions

Science contributes to the understanding of meaning by describing empirical facts about the universe and human existence. It can provide insights into how to pursue well-being and morality, which are integral to a meaningful life2.

The Role of Relationships and Contributions

Feeling that one has made a positive influence on others is a strong component of the experience of meaning in life. This can be achieved through various avenues, such as helping others, providing social support, and being a reliable friend3.

In summary, the meaning of life is a multifaceted concept that can be derived from a variety of sources, including personal goals, relationships, contributions to others, and the pursuit of worthwhile activities. It is both subjective and objective, and it requires continuous effort to create and maintain.