What is the difference between amateur (ham) radio and CB radio?

The main differences between amateur (ham) radio and CB radio lie in their licensing requirements, power output, frequency range, and communication capabilities.

Key Differences

1. Licensing Requirements:

   • Ham Radio: Requires a license from the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the U.S. or similar regulatory bodies in other countries. To obtain a license, one must pass an exam demonstrating knowledge of radio theory and operations135.
   • CB Radio: Does not require a license to operate. Anyone can use a CB radio without prior training or certification135.

2. Power Output:

   • Ham Radio: Can operate at much higher power levels, up to 1,500 watts, allowing for long-distance communication across continents125.
   • CB Radio: Limited to a maximum power output of 4 watts (AM) or 12 watts PEP (SSB), which restricts its range to a few miles135.

3. Frequency Range:

   • Ham Radio: Offers access to a wide range of frequencies across HF, VHF, and UHF bands, providing flexibility in communication modes and distances245.
   • CB Radio: Operates on a fixed frequency range of 27 MHz (11-meter band), with 40 channels available for use345.

4. Communication Capabilities:

   • Ham Radio: Supports various modes of communication, including AM, FM, SSB, CW, digital modes, and more, making it versatile for both hobby and emergency use25.
   • CB Radio: Primarily uses AM and SSB modes, with limited customization options compared to ham radio23.

5. Use Cases:

   • Ham Radio: Suitable for long-distance communication, technical experimentation, and emergency services5.
   • CB Radio: Ideal for short-distance, casual communication among local groups, such as truckers and hobbyists35.

In summary, ham radio offers more advanced communication capabilities and requires a license, while CB radio is simpler, license-free, and better suited for local communication needs.