what are electrolytes?

Electrolytes are substances that carry an electrical charge when dissolved in a fluid, such as water, and are crucial for various bodily functions.

Definition

Electrolytes are minerals that, when dissolved in water or other bodily fluids, break down into ions (charged particles) - either positively charged cations or negatively charged anions. This ionic form allows them to conduct electricity234.

Functions

Electrolytes play vital roles in the body, including:

• Nerve Function: They help generate and conduct nerve impulses, enabling communication between nerve cells and other cells in the body245.
• Muscle Function: Electrolytes are necessary for muscle contraction and relaxation245.
• Hydration: They help regulate the balance of fluids within the body4.
• pH Balance: Electrolytes are involved in maintaining the body's acid-base balance245.
• Fluid Balance: They influence the amount of water in cells and tissues4.

Common Electrolytes

Key electrolytes in the human body include:

• Sodium
• Potassium
• Calcium
• Magnesium
• Chloride
• Phosphate
• Bicarbonate245.

Sources and Loss

Electrolytes are obtained from the diet and can be lost through sweat, urine, and other bodily fluids. It is essential to replace them by consuming fluids and foods that contain these minerals24.

In summary, electrolytes are ionic minerals that are essential for maintaining various critical bodily functions, including nerve and muscle activity, hydration, and pH balance.