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What are best Java UI rendering framework like WPF for .NET?

When looking for Java UI rendering frameworks that offer similarities to the capabilities and features of Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) for .NET, here are some notable options:

JavaFX

JavaFX is one of the most prominent Java UI frameworks, often compared to WPF due to its robust features and capabilities. Here are some key aspects:

Cross-platform compatibility: JavaFX allows developers to build desktop and mobile applications with cross-platform support1 4.
Advanced Graphics: It supports sophisticated 2D and 3D graphic rendering, including features like shadows, transitions, blurs, gradients, and transformations1 4.
FXML and CSS: JavaFX uses FXML, an XML-based language for defining UI structures, and supports CSS for styling, similar to XAML in WPF1 4.
Custom UI Components: Developers can create bespoke UI components, enhancing the aesthetic and functional quality of the application1.

Using WPF with Java via Javonet

While not a native Java framework, Javonet allows you to integrate .NET WPF interfaces into Java applications. This approach is useful if you want to leverage the power of WPF within a Java environment:

Integration with .NET: Javonet acts as a bridge between Java and .NET, enabling you to create WPF windows and controls from Java code2.

Avalonia UI (Though Not Native Java, Worth Mentioning)

Although Avalonia UI is not a Java framework but rather a .NET-based framework, it is often mentioned in discussions about cross-platform UI development due to its similarities with WPF and its compatibility with various platforms:

Cross-platform: Avalonia UI supports multiple platforms, including Windows, macOS, and Linux, and is known for its powerful XAML syntax and compatibility with existing WPF code3.

However, if you are strictly looking for a Java-based solution, JavaFX stands out as the most comprehensive and adaptable framework, offering features and capabilities that are closest to what WPF provides in the .NET ecosystem.