How will Pakistan become colony of China through CPEC?

The notion that Pakistan could become a colony of China through the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is a subject of significant debate and controversy, but it is not supported by conclusive evidence. Here are some of the concerns and arguments that have been raised:

Debt and Economic Control

Critics argue that the large-scale Chinese investments and loans associated with CPEC could lead to a situation where Pakistan becomes heavily indebted to China. This debt could potentially give China significant economic leverage over Pakistan, allowing China to exert control over Pakistan's economic policies and decisions. For example, as of 2023, China holds around $30 billion of Pakistan’s $126 billion external foreign debt, which has raised concerns about Pakistan's ability to manage its debt and maintain economic sovereignty4.

Neo-Colonialism Concerns

Some analysts and critics, including Pakistani political economist S. Akbar Zaidi, have warned that CPEC could lead to a form of neo-colonialism. They argue that China's extensive control over key infrastructure projects and the significant economic influence this brings could undermine Pakistan's sovereignty. These concerns are often drawn in historical context, comparing the situation to the British East India Company's role in colonizing the Indian subcontinent14.

Lack of Transparency and Local Benefits

There are concerns that the benefits of CPEC projects are not being evenly distributed within Pakistan. For instance, the people of Balochistan, where many CPEC projects are located, have protested and demanded a greater share of the benefits from these projects. The lack of transparency and consultation with local governments and communities has fueled fears that these projects are more beneficial to China and the central government of Pakistan than to the local populations4.

Strategic and Infrastructure Control

CPEC involves the construction of critical infrastructure such as transportation networks, energy projects, and special economic zones. While these projects are intended to modernize Pakistan's infrastructure, some fear that they could also give China strategic control over key sectors of Pakistan's economy and geography. For example, the development of the Gwadar port and the associated transportation networks could provide China with a significant strategic foothold in the region25.

In summary, while there are valid concerns about the potential risks associated with CPEC, including debt, lack of transparency, and strategic control, it is not clear whether these factors will inevitably lead to Pakistan becoming a colony of China. The situation remains complex, with both potential benefits and risks involved.