Have cavemen been scientifically tested?

Yes, the individuals often referred to as "cavemen," which includes various ancient human species and early Homo sapiens, have been subject to extensive scientific testing and analysis. Here are some key points:

DNA Analysis

• DNA testing has played a crucial role in understanding these ancient humans. For example, Neanderthals, Denisovans, and early Homo sapiens have had their genomes sequenced, providing insights into their biology, behavior, and genetic relationships with modern humans124.

Genetic Health Studies

• Geneticists have compared the genetic disease factors in modern humans with those of ancient humans, including Neanderthals and other early human species. This research has shown that genetic risks to health have diminished over the millennia, although there are some inconsistencies in recent centuries that require further study2.

Archaeological and Anthropological Studies

• Archaeological findings, such as tools, artwork, and carefully buried bodies, have provided evidence of the complex behaviors and social structures of these ancient humans. For instance, Neanderthals have been found to have engaged in complex community activities, hunted large game, and even exhibited creative and symbolic behaviors14.

Specific Cases

• The exceptionally well-preserved remains of individuals like Ötzi, the Iceman, have allowed for detailed genetic and health analyses. Ötzi's DNA revealed information about his health, including a propensity for cardiovascular disease, lactose intolerance, and allergies2.

Interbreeding Evidence

• Genetic studies have confirmed that there was interbreeding between Neanderthals and early Homo sapiens, indicating that Neanderthals are partly ancestors of modern humans4.

These scientific tests and analyses have significantly advanced our understanding of the lives, behaviors, and biological characteristics of ancient human species.